The 45-year-old man collided with a Ford Mondeo vehicle this morning at High Street, in Johnstone, around 8.40am.
Police said the condition of the man is causing "serious concern" as he suffered from a major head injury.
The cyclist was taken to the Royal Alexandra Hospital in Paisley where he is currently being treated.
The road at High Street, near Thomson Avenue, is still closed off and local diversions have been put in place.
Anyone who witnessed the accident or has information is urged to contact Police Scotland by phoning 101.
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